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  "code": "7b.b.wd",
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  "code": "7b.b.wd",
            
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  "contributor": "NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research",
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  "contributor": "NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research",
            
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ine\",\"lastname\":\"Haalboom\",\"orcid\":null,\"affiliation\":\"Royal 
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ine\",\"lastname\":\"Haalboom\",\"orcid\":null,\"affiliation\":\"Royal 
            
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Netherlands Institute for Sea 
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Netherlands Institute for Sea 
            
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ntactemailaddress\":\"sabine.haalboom@nioz.nl\",\"formatted\":\"Sabine 
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ntactemailaddress\":\"sabine.haalboom@nioz.nl\",\"formatted\":\"Sabine 
            
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Haalboom - Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research - ORCID:  - 
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Haalboom - Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research - ORCID:  - 
            
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Corresponding Author - 
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Corresponding Author - 
            
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sabine.haalboom@nioz.nl\"},{\"firstname\":\"Henko\",\"lastname\":\"de 
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sabine.haalboom@nioz.nl\"},{\"firstname\":\"Henko\",\"lastname\":\"de 
            
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Stigter\",\"orcid\":null,\"affiliation\":\"Royal Netherlands Institute 
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Stigter\",\"orcid\":null,\"affiliation\":\"Royal Netherlands Institute 
            
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for Sea 
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for Sea 
            
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ondingauthor\":null,\"contactemailaddress\":null,\"formatted\":\"Henko 
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ondingauthor\":null,\"contactemailaddress\":null,\"formatted\":\"Henko 
            
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de Stigter - Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research - ORCID: 
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de Stigter - Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research - ORCID: 
            
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istian\",\"lastname\":\"Mohn\",\"orcid\":null,\"affiliation\":\"Aarhus 
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istian\",\"lastname\":\"Mohn\",\"orcid\":null,\"affiliation\":\"Aarhus 
            
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sity\",\"iscorrespondingauthor\":null,\"contactemailaddress\":null}]",
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sity\",\"iscorrespondingauthor\":null,\"contactemailaddress\":null}]",
            
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  "dataset_persistent_id": "DOI:10.33591/nioz/7b.b.wd",
            
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  "dates": "[{\"datefrom\":\"2019-08-09 
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  "dates": "[{\"datefrom\":\"2019-08-09 
            
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  "deposit_date": "2022-12-13",
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  "deposit_date": "2022-12-13",
            
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  "depositor": "Sabine Haalboom",
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  "depositor": "Sabine Haalboom",
            
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  "distribution_date": "2022-12-13",
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  "distribution_date": "2022-12-13",
            
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  "distributor": "Research Data Management(NIOZ Royal Netherlands 
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  "distributor": "Research Data Management(NIOZ Royal Netherlands 
            
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Institute for Sea Research)",
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Institute for Sea Research)",
            
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  "doi_date_published": "2022-12-13",
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  "doi_date_published": "2022-12-13",
            
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  "name": "7bbwd",
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  "name": "7bbwd",
            
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  "notes": "In this study different experimental designs for 
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  "notes": "In this study different experimental designs for 
            
40
monitoring of sediment plumes produced by deep-sea mining are 
40
monitoring of sediment plumes produced by deep-sea mining are 
            
41
presented. Plumes of sediment stirred up from the seabed by mining 
41
presented. Plumes of sediment stirred up from the seabed by mining 
            
42
machines are considered to represent a major environmental pressure 
42
machines are considered to represent a major environmental pressure 
            
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which may extend far beyond the actual mining area. Two industry field 
43
which may extend far beyond the actual mining area. Two industry field 
            
44
tests with the scaled mining vehicle Apollo II of Royal IHC conducted 
44
tests with the scaled mining vehicle Apollo II of Royal IHC conducted 
            
45
in a relatively shallow setting offshore southern Spain provided 
45
in a relatively shallow setting offshore southern Spain provided 
            
46
valuable insights for anticipated monitoring of nodule mining 
46
valuable insights for anticipated monitoring of nodule mining 
            
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activities in the deep Pacific. Although the tests were performed in 
47
activities in the deep Pacific. Although the tests were performed in 
            
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only 300 m water depth, much less than the depth where future deep-sea 
48
only 300 m water depth, much less than the depth where future deep-sea 
            
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mining will take place, the weakly stratified bottom water, 
49
mining will take place, the weakly stratified bottom water, 
            
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tide-dominated near-bed currents with mean magnitude of around 5-10 cm 
50
tide-dominated near-bed currents with mean magnitude of around 5-10 cm 
            
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s-1, and gently sloping seabed covered with fine muddy sediment 
51
s-1, and gently sloping seabed covered with fine muddy sediment 
            
52
provide a good analogue to operational conditions in the deep sea. The 
52
provide a good analogue to operational conditions in the deep sea. The 
            
53
plume of suspended sediment mobilised by the mining vehicle was 
53
plume of suspended sediment mobilised by the mining vehicle was 
            
54
monitored with turbidity sensors deployed on a ship-operated CTD 
54
monitored with turbidity sensors deployed on a ship-operated CTD 
            
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system and on a static array of moored sensors and monitored visually 
55
system and on a static array of moored sensors and monitored visually 
            
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using a ship-operated ROV. It was found that the generated sediment 
56
using a ship-operated ROV. It was found that the generated sediment 
            
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plume extended not more than 2 m above the seabed close to the source 
57
plume extended not more than 2 m above the seabed close to the source 
            
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(<100 m) but increased in height at greater distance. Furthermore, 
58
(<100 m) but increased in height at greater distance. Furthermore, 
            
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turbidity values decreased rapidly with increasing distance to the 
59
turbidity values decreased rapidly with increasing distance to the 
            
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source. Even though plume monitoring suffered interference from bottom 
60
source. Even though plume monitoring suffered interference from bottom 
            
61
trawling activities in neighbouring areas, a distinct turbidity signal 
61
trawling activities in neighbouring areas, a distinct turbidity signal 
            
62
generated by the mining equipment could still be distinguished above 
62
generated by the mining equipment could still be distinguished above 
            
63
background turbidity at 350 m away from the source. From the 
63
background turbidity at 350 m away from the source. From the 
            
64
experience gained in shallow water, recommendations are made on how a 
64
experience gained in shallow water, recommendations are made on how a 
            
65
combination of sensors operated from moving and moored platforms may 
65
combination of sensors operated from moving and moored platforms may 
            
66
be a suitable and successful strategy for monitoring man-made sediment 
66
be a suitable and successful strategy for monitoring man-made sediment 
            
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plumes in the deep sea.",
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      "id": "54d2124d-9aef-4811-b3b5-eaf7dc2927dc",
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      "id": "54d2124d-9aef-4811-b3b5-eaf7dc2927dc",
            
162
      "name": "ADCP",
184
      "name": "ADCP",
            
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      "state": "active",
185
      "state": "active",
            
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      "vocabulary_id": null
186
      "vocabulary_id": null
            
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    },
187
    },
            
166
    {
188
    {
            
167
      "display_name": "Box core",
189
      "display_name": "Box core",
            
168
      "id": "dc1065a0-911b-4319-830a-c9d360e31c5c",
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      "id": "dc1065a0-911b-4319-830a-c9d360e31c5c",
            
169
      "name": "Box core",
191
      "name": "Box core",
            
170
      "state": "active",
192
      "state": "active",
            
171
      "vocabulary_id": null
193
      "vocabulary_id": null
            
172
    },
194
    },
            
173
    {
195
    {
            
174
      "display_name": "OBS",
196
      "display_name": "OBS",
            
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      "id": "37221e01-16b8-4aa4-86e1-46b89b66df03",
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      "id": "37221e01-16b8-4aa4-86e1-46b89b66df03",
            
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      "name": "OBS",
198
      "name": "OBS",
            
177
      "state": "active",
199
      "state": "active",
            
178
      "vocabulary_id": null
200
      "vocabulary_id": null
            
179
    },
201
    },
            
180
    {
202
    {
            
181
      "display_name": "Sediment Trap",
203
      "display_name": "Sediment Trap",
            
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      "id": "ff27ed07-31b9-4211-8fe5-916e87a8d816",
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      "id": "ff27ed07-31b9-4211-8fe5-916e87a8d816",
            
183
      "name": "Sediment Trap",
205
      "name": "Sediment Trap",
            
184
      "state": "active",
206
      "state": "active",
            
185
      "vocabulary_id": null
207
      "vocabulary_id": null
            
186
    },
208
    },
            
187
    {
209
    {
            
188
      "display_name": "Turbidity",
210
      "display_name": "Turbidity",
            
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      "id": "97c7ed33-17ca-49c3-a5dc-599cf115b83e",
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      "id": "97c7ed33-17ca-49c3-a5dc-599cf115b83e",
            
190
      "name": "Turbidity",
212
      "name": "Turbidity",
            
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      "state": "active",
213
      "state": "active",
            
192
      "vocabulary_id": null
214
      "vocabulary_id": null
            
193
    }
215
    }
            
194
  ],
216
  ],
            
195
  "title": "Monitoring of a sediment plume produced by a deep-sea 
217
  "title": "Monitoring of a sediment plume produced by a deep-sea 
            
196
mining test in shallow water, Malaga Bight, Alboran Sea (southwestern 
218
mining test in shallow water, Malaga Bight, Alboran Sea (southwestern 
            
197
Mediterranean Sea) - Dataset 2019",
219
Mediterranean Sea) - Dataset 2019",
            
198
  "type": "dataset",
220
  "type": "dataset",
            
199
  "url": "https://dataportal.nioz.nl/doi/10.33591/nioz/7b.b.wd",
221
  "url": "https://dataportal.nioz.nl/doi/10.33591/nioz/7b.b.wd",
            
200
  "version": "1"
222
  "version": "1"
            
201
}
223
}